continue
(PHP 4, PHP 5)
continue 在循环结构用用来跳过本次循环中剩余的代码并在条件求值为真时开始执行下一次循环。
Note: 注意在 PHP 中 switch 语句被认为是可以使用 continue 的一种循环结构。
continue 接受一个可选的数字参数来决定跳过几重循环到循环结尾。默认值是 1，即跳到当前循环末尾。
<?php
while (list ( $key , $value ) = each ( $arr )) {
if (!( $key % 2 )) { // skip odd members
continue;
}
do_something_odd ( $value );
}
$i = 0 ;
while ( $i ++ < 5 ) {
echo "Outer<br />\n" ;
while ( 1 ) {
echo "Middle<br />\n" ;
while ( 1 ) {
echo "Inner<br />\n" ;
continue 3 ;
}
echo "This never gets output.<br />\n" ;
}
echo "Neither does this.<br />\n" ;
}
?> 省略 continue 后面的分号会导致混淆。以下例子示意了不应该这样做。
<?php
for ( $i = 0 ; $i < 5 ; ++ $i ) {
if ( $i == 2 )
continue
print " $i \n" ;
}
?> 希望得到的结果是：
0 1 3 4
可实际的输出是：
2
因为整个 continue print "$i\n"; 被当做单一的表达式而求值，所以 print 函数只有在 $i == 2 为真时才被调用（print 的值被当成了上述的可选数字参数而传递给了 continue）。
| 版本 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| 5.4.0 | continue 0; 不再合法。这在之前的版本被解析为 continue 1;。 |
| 5.4.0 | 取消变量作为参数传递（例如 $num = 2; continue $num;）。 |
用户评论:
[#1] John [2014-03-13 14:49:15]
<?php
echo"\n";
echo"\n";
for ( $i = 0; $i < 5; $i++ ) {
switch ($i)
{
case 0:
echo $i . "b";
continue;
echo $i . "a";
case 1:
echo $i . "b";
continue 2;
echo $i . "a";
case 2:
echo $i . "b";
break;
echo $i . "a";
case 3:
echo $i . "b";
break 2;
echo $i . "a";
case 4:
echo $i;
}
echo 9;
}
echo"\n";
echo"\n";
?>
This results in: 0b91b2b93b
It goes to show that in a switch statement break and continue are the same. But in loops break stops the loop completely and continue just stops executing the current iterations code and moves onto the next loop iteration.
[#2] Koen [2012-12-21 00:26:02]
If you use a incrementing value in your loop, be sure to increment it before calling continue; or you might get an infinite loop.
[#3] maik penz [2012-06-04 09:12:15]
Please note that with PHP 5.4 continue 0; will fail with
PHP Fatal error: 'continue' operator accepts only positive numbers
(same is true for break).
[#4] Anonymous [2011-07-25 09:22:50]
<?php
function print_primes_between($x,$y)
{
for($i=$x;$i<=$y;$i++)
{
for($j= 2; $j < $i; $j++) if($i%$j==0) continue 2;
echo $i.",";
}
}
?>
This function, using continue syntax, is to print prime numbers between given numbers, x and y.
For example, print_primes_between(10,20) will output:
11,13,17,19,23,29,
[#5] skippychalmers at gmail dot com [2011-05-17 05:56:01]
To state the obvious, it should be noted, that the optional param defaults to 1 (effectively).
[#6] rjsteinert.com [2011-02-26 21:22:18]
The most basic example that print "13", skipping over 2.
<?php
$arr = array(1, 2, 3);
foreach($arr as $number) {
if($number == 2) {
continue;
}
print $number;
}
?>
[#7] jaimthorn at yahoo dot com [2010-03-24 06:36:53]
The remark "in PHP the switch statement is considered a looping structure for the purposes of continue" near the top of this page threw me off, so I experimented a little using the following code to figure out what the exact semantics of continue inside a switch is:
<?php
for( $i = 0; $i < 3; ++ $i )
{
echo ' [', $i, '] ';
switch( $i )
{
case 0: echo 'zero'; break;
case 1: echo 'one' ; XXXX;
case 2: echo 'two' ; break;
}
echo ' <' , $i, '> ';
}
?>
For XXXX I filled in
- continue 1
- continue 2
- break 1
- break 2
and observed the different results. This made me come up with the following one-liner that describes the difference between break and continue:
continue resumes execution just before the closing curly bracket ( } ), and break resumes execution just after the closing curly bracket.
Corollary: since a switch is not (really) a looping structure, resuming execution just before a switch's closing curly bracket has the same effect as using a break statement. In the case of (for, while, do-while) loops, resuming execution just prior their closing curly brackets means that a new iteration is started --which is of course very unlike the behavior of a break statement.
In the one-liner above I ignored the existence of parameters to break/continue, but the one-liner is also valid when parameters are supplied.
[#8] Nikolay Ermolenko [2009-04-16 05:58:36]
Using continue and break:
<?php
$stack = array('first', 'second', 'third', 'fourth', 'fifth');
foreach($stack AS $v){
if($v == 'second')continue;
if($v == 'fourth')break;
echo $v.'<br>';
}
$stack2 = array('one'=>'first', 'two'=>'second', 'three'=>'third', 'four'=>'fourth', 'five'=>'fifth');
foreach($stack2 AS $k=>$v){
if($v == 'second')continue;
if($k == 'three')continue;
if($v == 'fifth')break;
echo $k.' ::: '.$v.'<br>';
}
?>
[#9] Anonymous [2008-09-11 22:04:49]
The continue keyword can skip division by zero:
<?php
$i = 100;
while ($i > -100)
{
$i--;
if ($i == 0)
{
continue;
}
echo (200 / $i) . "<br />";
}
?>
[#10] Geekman [2007-12-27 17:01:07]
For clarification, here are some examples of continue used in a while/do-while loop, showing that it has no effect on the conditional evaluation element.
<?php
// Outputs "1 ".
$i = 0;
while ($i == 0) {
$i++;
echo "$i ";
if ($i == 1) continue;
}
// Outputs "1 2 ".
$i = 0;
do {
$i++;
echo "$i ";
if ($i == 2) continue;
} while ($i == 1);
?>
Both code snippets would behave exactly the same without continue.
[#11] tufan dot oezduman at gmail dot com [2006-12-21 04:28:42]
a possible explanation for the behavior of continue in included scripts mentioned by greg and dedlfix above may be the following line of the "return" documentation: "If the current script file was include()ed or require()ed, then control is passed back to the calling file."
The example of greg produces an error since page2.php does not contain any loop-operations.
So the only way to give the control back to the loop-operation in page1.php would be a return.
[#12] szrrya at yahoo dot com [2006-07-17 14:18:40]
Documentation states:
"continue is used within looping structures to skip the rest of the current loop iteration"
Current functionality treats switch structures as looping in regards to continue. It has the same effect as break.
The following code is an example:
<?php
for ($i1 = 0; $i1 < 2; $i1++) {
// Loop 1.
for ($i2 = 0; $i2 < 2; $i2++) {
// Loop 2.
switch ($i2 % 2) {
case 0:
continue;
break;
}
print '[' . $i2 . ']<br>';
}
print $i1 . '<br>';
}
?>
This outputs the following:
[0]
[1]
0
[0]
[1]
1
Switch is documented as a block of if...elseif... statements, so you might expect the following output:
[1]
0
[1]
1
This output requires you to either change the switch to an if or use the numerical argument and treat the switch as one loop.
[#13] Rene [2006-02-18 12:24:22]
(only) the reason that is given on the "Continue with missing semikolon" example is wrong.
the script will output "2" because the missing semikolon causes that the "print"-call is executed only if the "if" statement is true. It has nothing to to with "what" the "print"-call would return or not return, but the returning value can cause to skip to the end of higher level Loops if any call is used that will return a bigger number than 1.
<?php
continue print "$i\n";
?>
because of the optional argument, the script will not run into a "unexpected T_PRINT" error. It will not run into an error, too, if the call after continue does return anything but a number.
i suggest to change it from:
because the return value of the print() call is int(1), and it will look like the optional numeric argument mentioned above.
to
because the print() call will look like the optional numeric argument mentioned above.
[#14] net_navard at yahoo dot com [2005-12-25 09:01:11]
Hello firends
It is said in manually:
continue also accepts an optional numeric argument which tells it how many levels of enclosing loops it should .
In order to understand better this,An example for that:
<?php
for($k=0;$k<2;$k++)
{//First loop
for($j=0;$j<2;$j++)
{//Second loop
for($i=0;$i<4;$i++)
{//Third loop
if($i>2)
continue 2;// If $i >2 ,Then it skips to the Second loop(level 2),And starts the next step,
echo "$i\n";
}
}
}
?>
Merry's christmas :)
With regards,Hossein
[#15] dedlfix gives me a hint [2005-01-28 06:47:08]
a possible solution for
greg AT laundrymat.tv
I've got the same problem as Greg
and now it works very fine by using
return() instead of continue.
It seems, that you have to use return()
if you have a file included and
you want to continue with the next loop
[#16] greg AT laundrymat.tv [2005-01-14 08:58:30]
You using continue in a file included in a loop will produce an error. For example:
//page1.php
for($x=0;$x<10;$x++)
{
include('page2.php');
}
//page2.php
if($x==5)
continue;
else
print $x;
it should print
"012346789" no five, but it produces an error:
Cannot break/continue 1 level in etc.
[#17] www.derosetechnologies.com [2004-05-10 20:58:13]
In the same way that one can append a number to the end of a break statement to indicate the "loop" level upon which one wishes to 'break' , one can append a number to the end of a 'continue' statement to acheive the same goal. Here's a quick example:
<?php
for ($i = 0;$i<3;$i++) {
echo "Start Of I loop\n";
for ($j=0;;$j++) {
if ($j >= 2) continue 2; // This "continue" applies to the "$i" loop
echo "I : $i J : $j"."\n";
}
echo "End\n";
}
?>
The output here is:
Start Of I loop
I : 0 J : 0
I : 0 J : 1
Start Of I loop
I : 1 J : 0
I : 1 J : 1
Start Of I loop
I : 2 J : 0
I : 2 J : 1
For more information, see the php manual's entry for the 'break' statement.